Sentence Synthesis Using Participles for Class 11 and 12 (UP and CBSE Boards)
For Class 11 and 12 students preparing for UP Board and CBSE Board exams, mastering sentence synthesis using participles is crucial for scoring high in English grammar. This guide covers participles for UP Board and CBSE Class 11 and 12, with clear rules and examples to help you excel in board exams. Download our free Participles Guide PDF below to practice anytime!
What are Participles and How to Use Them in Sentence Synthesis?
A participle is a verb form that acts as an adjective or helps combine actions. In sentence synthesis for Class 11 and 12, participles make your sentences concise and grammatically correct, a must-have skill for UP and CBSE Board English exams.
Types of Participles Used in Sentence Synthesis
- Present Participle: Verb + ing (e.g., singing)
- Past Participle: V3 form (e.g., broken)
- Perfect Participle: Having + V3 (e.g., having finished)
- Passive Perfect Participle: Having been + V3 (e.g., having been chosen)
Rules for Using Present Participles in Sentence Synthesis
Using the present participle for Class 11 and 12 English grammar, combine two actions with the same subject happening at the same time.
Example:
She opened the book. She started reading.
👉 Opening the book, she started reading.
Use to describe a noun in the sentence.
Example:
I saw a boy. He was playing.
👉 I saw a boy playing.
For two ongoing actions, use “while + verb-ing” in sentence synthesis for Class 12.
Examples:
I was walking to school. I saw a bird.
👉 While walking to school, I saw a bird.
She was studying. She was listening to music.
👉 While studying, she was listening to music.
Use “Being + adjective/noun/V3” for states or passive voice in CBSE Class 11 and 12 grammar.
Examples:
He was tired. He rested.
👉 Being tired, he rested.
The girl was scolded. She cried.
👉 Being scolded, the girl cried.
She was the monitor. She led the class.
👉 Being the monitor, she led the class.
Rules for Using Perfect Participles in Sentence Synthesis
Rule: Completed Action Before Another
Use Having + V3 when one action finishes before the next starts in sentence synthesis for Class 11 and 12.
Examples:
She had finished her homework. She watched TV.
👉 Having finished her homework, she watched TV.
They had reached the station. They boarded the train.
👉 Having reached the station, they boarded the train.
Rules for Using Passive Perfect Participles in Sentence Synthesis
Rule: Completed Passive Action
Use Having been + V3 for passive actions completed before another.
Examples:
The essay had been written. It was submitted.
👉 Having been written, the essay was submitted.
He had been praised. He felt happy.
👉 Having been praised, he felt happy.
Rules for Using Past Participles in Sentence Synthesis
Rule: Use V3 as Adjective
Use the past participle to describe a noun, often in passive voice, for UP Board Class 12 English.
Examples:
He found a pencil. It was broken.
👉 He found a broken pencil.
We saw a house. It was painted.
👉 We saw a painted house.
They visited a garden. It was well-maintained.
👉 They visited a well-maintained garden.
Practice Exercise for Class 11 and 12
Practice these sentence synthesis rules for Class 12 to ace your UP and CBSE board exams! Combine these sentences into one simple sentence using participles.
- She took her pen. She started writing. She smiled.
- He was thirsty. He drank water.
- The girl was dancing. She slipped on the floor.
- The teacher saw the students. They were talking.
- The team had won the match. They celebrated.
- She was punished. She felt sad.
- The bell rang. The students left the class.
- He was exhausted. He sat on the bench.
- She was reading a book. She was sipping tea.
- The project had been completed. It was praised by the teacher.
Share your answers in the comments below and get feedback to improve your CBSE Class 11 and 12 English grammar skills!
FAQs on Participles for Class 11 and 12
What are participles in English grammar?
Participles are verb forms that act as adjectives or combine actions, used in sentence synthesis for Class 11 and 12 to create concise sentences.
How do participles help in CBSE board exams?
Participles help you write clear, concise answers, improving your score in CBSE Class 11 and 12 English grammar sections.
Where can I download a participles guide for UP Board?
Download our free Participles Guide PDF below for UP and CBSE Board preparation.
Tips for Board Exam Success
Participles are a vital part of the Class 11 and 12 English syllabus for UP and CBSE Boards. Practice these sentence synthesis rules for Class 12 to write concise, impressive answers in your exams. Explore more grammar lessons at English Rath or check our guide on CBSE Class 12 grammar for additional tips!
