Synthesis Using Adverbs and Adverbial Phrases – Rules, Examples & Exercises

Welcome to English Rath! For Class 12 students preparing for UP Board, CBSE Board exams, mastering sentence synthesis using adverbs and adverbial phrases is a game-changer. This guide provides clear rules, examples, and exercises to help you combine sentences into concise, simple sentences. Download our free Adverbs and Adverbial Phrases PDF Guide below to boost your grammar skills!

Adverb vs. Adverbial Phrase

1. Adverb

Definition: A single word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb.
Function: Tells us how, when, where, how often, or to what extent something happens.
Example: She sings beautifully.

2. Adverbial Phrase

Definition: A group of words (without a verb) that functions like an adverb.
Function: Tells us how, when, where, or why, often starting with a preposition.
Example: They arrived at dawn.

How to Use Adverbs & Adverbial Phrases in Sentence Synthesis

1. Use an Adverb

Use when the second sentence expresses a quality (manner, degree, certainty, frequency) that can be turned into a single-word modifier.
Example:
Sentences: This is certain. He is a good boy.
Synthesis: He is certainly a good boy.
Tip: Convert adjectives like careless, certain, fast, foolish into -ly adverbs (carelessly, certainly, fast, foolishly).

2. Use an Adverbial Phrase

Use when the second sentence expresses time, place, reason, or condition that cannot be expressed naturally by a single word.
Example:
Sentences: The sun set. Boys had not finished their work.
Synthesis: Boys had not finished their work by sunset.
Tip: Reduce the second sentence with a preposition (by, at, in, with) to form an adverbial phrase.

Core Rules of Synthesis Using Adverbs

• Rule 1: Convert Adjectives to Adverbs
  Example: His answer was rude. → He answered rudely.
• Rule 2: Use Adverbial Phrases
  Example: The sun set. Boys hadn’t finished. → Boys hadn’t finished by sunset.
• Rule 3: Placement
  
  • Adverbs: Usually after the verb or at the sentence end.
  • Adverbial phrases: Usually at the sentence end for clarity.

Examples

• He finished the work. It took no time. → He finished the work quickly.
• I forgot my pen. I was careless. → I carelessly forgot my pen.
• She was rude. She spoke to the teacher. → She spoke rudely to the teacher.
• The sun set. The boys had not finished their work. → The boys had not finished their work by sunset.
• Rana Pratap was the glory of Mewar. There is no doubt about it. → Rana Pratap was undoubtedly the glory of Mewar.
• This train runs. Its speed is very fast. → This train runs very fast.

Exercise – Join Sentences Using Adverb/Adverbial Phrase

1. Mr. Gupta is our Principal. He spoke in the meeting. He spoke for a few minutes.
2. He answered my question. His answer was rude.
3. The sun set. I stopped in a village. The name of the village was Rampur.
4. The sun rose. The traveller could not reach home.
5. He will come to school. He will not be long absent.
6. He ran a race. He ran fast.
7. I forgot my pen. I was careless.
8. You are a good boy. It is certain.
9. The sun set. He could not finish his homework.
10. You did not eat the food. This was lucky.

Share your answers in the comments below to get feedback and improve your CBSE Class 12 English grammar skills!

Answer Key

• Mr. Gupta, our Principal, spoke briefly in the meeting.
• He answered my question rudely.
• I stopped in Rampur, a village, at sunset.
• The traveller could not reach home by sunrise.
• He will come to school soon.
• He ran the race fast.
• I carelessly forgot my pen.
• You are certainly a good boy.
• He could not finish his homework by sunset.
• You luckily did not eat the food.

FAQs on Synthesis Using Adverbs and Adverbial Phrases

What are adverbs in sentence synthesis?
Adverbs are single words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, used to combine sentences by expressing manner, degree, or frequency in Class 12 English grammar.

What are adverbial phrases?
Adverbial phrases are groups of words that function like adverbs, often starting with prepositions, to show time, place, reason, or condition in sentence synthesis for Class 12.

How do adverbs help in CBSE and UP Board exams?
Adverbs and adverbial phrases help create concise, clear sentences, improving your score in CBSE and UP Board Class 12 English grammar sections.

Where can I download a synthesis guide for adverbs?
Download our free Adverbs and Adverbial Phrases Guide PDF below for UP, CBSE, and competitive exam preparation.

Conclusion

Mastering sentence synthesis using adverbs and adverbial phrases is essential for Class 12 UP and CBSE Board exams and competitive exams like SSC, Banking, NDA, and CDS. Practice the rules and exercises above to write concise, impactful answers. For more grammar lessons, explore English Rath and check our guides on Noun Apposition and Infinitives. Download the free PDF below and share your feedback in the comments to ace your exams!

Tags: Synthesis with Adverbs, Synthesis with Adverbial Phrases, English Grammar Class 12, UP Board Grammar, CBSE Grammar Notes, Simple Sentence Formation, Adverb Examples, Competitive English for SSC, IBPS English Grammar, NDA CDS English Preparation